UKPCS Science Life Sciences-Biotechnology: Stem Cells: #118

Stem cells

Stem cells are the cells that are capable of forming the entire human body. They’re amazing since the very beginning of life, a fertilized egg cell divides repeatedly to form a group of these cells that will go on to eventually make all the organs and tissues in your body. These cells are also present in adults, where they play an important role in repairing and replacing damaged cells and tissues.

Types of Stem Cells

There are several different types of stem cells , and they have different abilities and functions.

1. Totipotent : They have the ability to differentiate into every type of cell in the body. These are only found in very early embryos and disappear later in fetal development.
2. Pluripotent: They are also found only in embryos and are able to form almost all of the types of cells in the body. At later stages of fetal development, and even in adults, there are stem cells known as multipotent.
3. Multipotent, which means that they are able to form several types of specialized cells that are in closely related families of cells. For example, mesenchymal cells can give rise to cells that make up all types of connective tissues, like muscle, bone, and cartilage.

Uses of stem cell

With the right stimulation, many stem cells can take on the role of any type of cell, and they can regenerate damaged tissue, under the right conditions. This potential could save lives or repair wounds and tissue damage in people after an illness or injury. Scientists see many possible uses for these cells.

Egs. Tissue regeneration, blood cell treatment etc.

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Hemant Bhatt

Chief Mentor at Oracle IAS

Hemant Bhatt is a B. Tech from Pantnagar University and has studied Social Sciences at SciencesPo, Paris. He teaches at Oracle IAS, Dehradun. He has given 5 UPSC mains back to back along with 2 interviews.
He is a bibliophile,accomplished writer and a fitness enthusiast.

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